Patients requiring reconstructive surgery have functional deformities caused by trauma or cancer. These patients rely on the special skills of a head and neck surgeon to return them to their pre-injury state, or as close as possible, through the use of tissue flaps, grafts and implants. Cosmetic surgery is the manipulation of normal tissue to create a better aesthetic appearance. Typical procedures include rhinoplasty (nose), blepharoplasty (eyelid), browplasty and rhytidectomy (facelift).